2026
Protokol Pengurusan Keracunan Cendawan di Malaysia
Pendahuluan Kejadian wabak keracunan cendawan di Malaysia berlaku terutamanya akibat pengambilan cendawan liar yang beracun. Penyakit ini lazimnya berpunca daripada memakan cendawan yang mengandungi toksin semula jadi dan boleh menyebabkan kesan kesihatan yang serius, termasuk kematian, jika tidak dirawat segera. Usaha-usaha penerbitan protokol ini telah dimulakan pada tahun 2017/2018. Pada tahun 2024, usaha ini telah disambung semula selaras dengan keperluan semasa dan peningkatan risiko berkaitan penyakit keracunan cendawan. Semakan dan kemaskini draf asal telah dilakukan bagi memastikan kandungannya kekal relevan dan sesuai untuk dijadikan panduan kepada semua pihak terlibat. Penghasilan protokol ini telah dilaksanakan oleh Unit Kawalan Penyakit Bawaan Makanan dan Air, Bahagian Kawalan Penyakit, Kementerian Kesihatan Malaysia dengan kerjasama pelbagai pihak di peringkat kebangsaan, negeri, daerah dan universiti. Ia turut mengambil kira pengalaman di lapangan, pengurusan wabak terdahulu, bukti saintifik terkini serta rujukan protokol antarabangsa. Matlamat utama adalah untuk memberi panduan kepada petugas kesihatan di lapangan bagi pengesanan, penyiasatan, kawalan dan pencegahan secara sistematik, berkesan dan mengikut piawaian yang ditetapkan. Ia juga memperincikan peranan serta tanggungjawab setiap anggota bagi mengurangkan kesan terhadap kesihatan awam dan meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat. Diharapkan protokol ini menjadi rujukan komprehensif yang dapat dimanfaatkan sepenuhnya oleh semua petugas kesihatan dan pihak berkepentingan.
14/04/2026
View PDFHuman activities and its impact on the vulnerability of the Bornean banteng (Bos javanicus lowi) in Eastern Sabah
Introduction of the project The Bornean banteng (Bos javanicus lowi) is the most endangered mammal in Borneo, and the population keeps declining dramatically due to illegal hunting and habitat loss. Another threat is the interaction with domestic cattle (Bos indicus) and domestic water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis), and the risk of disease transmission and hybridisation. This project aims to gain knowledge regarding disease transmission dynamics and the impact of overlapping populations of banteng, domestic cattle, and domestic water buffalo on parasite sharing. The area of Tabin WR, Kulamba WR and Sungai Segama FR was chosen as the project area because it is the only area recording the presence of banteng on the east coast of Sabah, connected by a thin corridor, where the presence of non-confined domestic cattle has raised concerns about hybridisation and inter-species disease transmission. To assess the rate of interaction among banteng, domestic cattle and domestic water buffalo, a camera trap survey was conducted in the overlapping zones. The presence of parasites was determined by collecting blood and faecal samples. Transmission risk will be assessed using the information of inter-species interactions, frequency of contact, abundance of identified hosts and abundance of parasites. This research was conducted under Access Licence JKM/MBS.1000-2/2/1 JLD.1 (20) & (21) and (23).
01/04/2026
View PDFFIELD EXPEDITION REPORT OF ORANGUTAN AND WILDLIFE SURVEY IN TAWAI FOREST RESERVE (MAY 2025)
Understanding the distribution and size of orangutan populations in Sabah is crucial for effective conservation strategies for the species. Over time, the Sabah Wildlife Department (SWD) and its collaborators have conducted multiple surveys in the State to establish reliable size estimates of the orangutan populations across Sabah. Continuous monitoring of population size and dynamics is essential for evaluating the sustainability of orangutan populations in Sabah and assessing the effectiveness of conservation efforts by the SWD and other stakeholders. The Overall project funded by MPOGCF and entitled “Orang-utan surveys in Sabah” follows the following objectives: • Surveying orangutan nests in key protected and non-protected areas in Sabah. • Finalizing what we know about orangutan metapopulation in Kinabatangan. • Collecting practical and detailed information using mixed bio-social methods to document orangutan conservation status in at least two other agricultural landscapes. • This project is a vehicle for relevant stakeholders' capacity building and training platform. This report summarizes the results of the field expedition conducted under the MPOGCF project, which took place in the Tawai Forest Reserve between May 20th and May 29th, 2025 (seven days of fieldwork and two days of travel). In addition to the Hutan orangutan team, who was in charge of orangutan surveys, Hutan also sent the Wildlife Survey and Protection Team to collect data about other wildlife taxa and to cover more ground in the field. This Final Report presents the results of all field activities carried out during the survey.
27/02/2026
View PDFFIELD EXPEDITION ORANGUTAN SURVEY IN TABIN WILDIFE RESERVE
Understanding the distribution and size of orangutan populations in Sabah is crucial for effective conservation strategies for the species. Over time, the Sabah Wildlife Department (SWD) and its collaborators have conducted multiple surveys in the State to establish reliable size estimates of the orangutan populations across Sabah. Continuous monitoring of population size and dynamics is essential for evaluating the sustainability of orangutan populations in Sabah and assessing the effectiveness of conservation efforts by the SWD and other stakeholders. The Overall project funded by MPOGCF and entitled “Orang-utan surveys in Sabah” follows the following objectives: • Surveying orangutan nests in key protected and non-protected areas in Sabah. • Finalizing what we know about orangutan metapopulation in Kinabatangan. • Collecting practical and detailed information using mixed bio-social methods to document orangutan conservation status in at least two other agricultural landscapes. • This project is a vehicle for relevant stakeholders' capacity building and training platform. This report summarizes the results of the field expedition conducted under the MPOGCF project, which took place in the Tabin Wildlife Reserve between April 20th and April 29th, 2025 (seven days of fieldwork and two days of travel).
27/02/2026
View PDFFIELD EXPEDITION ORANGUTAN SURVEY IN LOWER KAWAG
Understanding the distribution and size of orangutan populations in Sabah is crucial for effective conservation strategies for the species. Over time, the Sabah Wildlife Department (SWD) and its collaborators have conducted multiple surveys in the State to establish reliable size estimates of the orangutan populations across Sabah. Continuous monitoring of population size and dynamics is essential for evaluating the sustainability of orangutan populations in Sabah and assessing the effectiveness of conservation efforts by the SWD and other stakeholders. The Overall project funded by MPOGCF and entitled "Orang-utan surveys in Sabah" follows the following objectives: • Surveying orangutan nests in key protected and non-protected areas in Sabah. • Finalising what we know about the orangutan metapopulation in Kinabatangan. • Collecting practical and detailed information using mixed bio-social methods to document orangutan conservation status in at least two other agricultural landscapes. • This project serves as a vehicle for the capacity building of relevant stakeholders and a training platform. This report summarises the results of the field expedition conducted under the MPOGCF project in Lower Kawag between August 6th and August 15th, 2025. In addition to the team of orangutan researchers, Hutan also sent a team specifically tasked with identifying other biodiversity taxa.
27/02/2026
View PDFFIELD EXPEDITION ORANGUTAN SURVEY IN TAWAU HILL NATIONAL PARK
Understanding the distribution and size of orangutan populations in Sabah is crucial for effective conservation strategies for the species. Over time, the Sabah Wildlife Department (SWD) and its collaborators have conducted multiple surveys in the State to establish reliable size estimates of the orangutan populations across Sabah. Continuous monitoring of population size and dynamics is essential for evaluating the sustainability of orangutan populations in Sabah and assessing the effectiveness of conservation efforts by the SWD and other stakeholders. The Overall project funded by MPOGCF and entitled "Orang-utan surveys in Sabah" follows the following objectives (see detailed proposal): • Surveying orangutan nests in key protected and non-protected areas in Sabah. • Finalising what we know about the orangutan metapopulation in Kinabatangan. • Collecting practical and detailed information using mixed bio-social methods to document orangutan conservation status in at least two other agricultural landscapes. • This project serves as a vehicle for the capacity building of relevant stakeholders and a training platform. This report summarises the results of the field expedition conducted under the MPOGCF project in the Tawau Hill Park between July 7th and July 16th, 2025 (eight days of fieldwork and two days of travel). In addition to the team of orangutan researchers, Hutan also sent a team specifically tasked with identifying other biodiversity taxa. Although MPOGCF does not cover these activities, we present the findings in this report to provide a more comprehensive view of the expedition results.
27/02/2026
View PDFBiodiversity Evaluation with eDNA
This mission follows on from an initial test conducted in 2019 on the Kinabatangan River and its tributaries. This initial study enabled the eDNA method to be evaluated in conditions typical of Borneo's tropical climate, the results of different primers to be analyzed, the distribution of biodiversity along the river to be studied, and HUTAN teams to be trained in the use of this innovative method. In 2022, two series of samples were taken from different areas studied by HUTAN, including oil palm plantations, ecological corridors, and forests less impacted by human activity. The vertebrate primer was used to verify the effectiveness of the eDNA method in biodiversity monitoring protocols. It was also used to evaluate the detection capacity of certain cryptic species compared to methods traditionally used to conduct wildlife inventories. Additional data was collected from several aquatic environments, both from sites already surveyed in the past in order to analyze changes in results, and from new areas favorable to certain fish species in order to search for a discreet species, the kaloi. The project objectives: 1) Evaluate the effectiveness of eDNA in stagnant water (2nd campaign) compared to running water (1st campaign); 2) Evaluate biodiversity at various treatment sites monitored by Hutan teams; 3) Quickly collect data for comparison with data already acquired by Hutan as part of their long-term biodiversity monitoring; 4) Detect rare and/or cryptic species; 5) Train Hutan teams in the eDNA approach; and 6) Evaluate the feasibility of this new approach for biodiversity monitoring in an agricultural landscape dominated by oil palm plantations.
27/02/2026
View PDFLESSONS AND REFLECTIONS ON NATURE RESTORATION - ORANGUTANS AND FIGS IN AN OIL PALM LANDSCAPE
Produced as a part of the ‘Experimental Habitat Restoration for Orangutans in Kinabatangan Landscape’, a project of WWF-Malaysia, funded by Unilever, with additional information from work conducted under ‘Berembang (Sonneratia caseolaris) as a possible freshwater wetland restoration tree species’ funded by The Habitat Foundation.
26/01/2026
View PDF2025
Sabah Biodiversity Centre Procedures on Access & Export Licence Application 2022
Following Section 9 of the Enactment, The Sabah Biodiversity Centre Procedures on Access and Export Licence Application Non-Commercial Research 2022 are developed to provide detailed step-by-step information to guide users on how to apply for the Access and Export Licence. The main objective of this document is as follows: i. To explain the laws that regulate the access and benefit-sharing of biological resources or associated relevant knowledge in Sabah. ii. To guide users on the Access and Export Licence application procedures for non-commercial research in Sabah. iii. To provide a streamlined procedure that will support the conservation, protection, and management of biological resources following other existing laws in Sabah.
30/12/2025
View PDFMonyet Bangkatan Di Hutan Bakau Sabah
The book, Monyet Bangkatan di Hutan Bakau Sabah, provides a comprehensive look at the Proboscis Monkey (Nasalis larvatus), a species endemic to Borneo, focusing on its life in the mangrove forests of Sabah. Known locally as the "Dutch Monkey" (Monyet Belanda), this primate is distinguished by its large, long nose, especially in males, and its shy, arboreal nature. The Proboscis Monkey is herbivorous, with a diet primarily consisting of young leaves, shoots, and unripe fruits of mangrove plants, and its social life is organized into one-male (harem) or all-male units. Addressing its survival, the book highlights that the species is classified as endangered by the IUCN and is fully protected in Sabah; its primary threats are habitat destruction from activities like aquaculture and development, as well as hunting. The document also details ongoing conservation efforts, including the 2019-2028 Proboscis Monkey Action Plan and the importance of preserving the mangrove ecosystem.
15/12/2025
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